Competition between commercial and sport fishermen: an ecological analysis. [91], The Lake Erie water snake, a subspecies of the northern water snake (Nerodia sipedon), lives in the vicinity of Ohio's Put-in-Bay Harbor, and had been put on the threatened species list. [36] There was a legend of a Native American woman named Huldah, who, despairing over her lost British lover, hurled herself from a high rock from Pelee Island. Friction with the ground causes air to pile up. Still, the commercial fishery is the target of critics who would like to see the lake managed for the exclusive benefit of sport fishing and the various industries serving the sport fishery. This data is unofficial. One of the most attractive destinations that occupies much of this lake … [129] A longer growing season due to the lake-moderated temperatures make the risk of early frosts less likely. Please send comments or bug reports to cwatch@msu.edu. [25] Kelleys Island was depicted by the Chicago Tribune as having charms that were "more subtle" than Put-in-Bay, and offers amenities such as beach lounging, hiking, biking and "marveling at deep glacial grooves left in limestone. [95] Sometimes the clouds of mayflies have caused power outages[96] as well as causing roads to become slippery with squashed insects. Like the other Great Lakes, Erie produces lake effect snow when the first cold winds of winter pass over the warm waters. [158], Lake Erie from David M. Roderick Wildlife Reserve in. A lighthouse off the coast of Cleveland, beset with cold lake winter spray, has an unusual artistic icy shape, although sometimes ice prevents the light from being seen by maritime vessels. Click on this link for a view of Central Lake Erie Surface Temperatures. [80] Another report cited Ohio's Maumee River as the main source of polluted runoff of phosphorus from industries, municipalities, tributaries and agriculture, and in 2008, satellite images showed the algal bloom heading toward Pelee Island, and possibly heading to Lake Erie's central basin. As many as three glaciers advanced and retreated over the land causing temporary lakes to form in the time periods in between each of them. [105] U.S. Attorney Robert Jones filed the misdemeanor charges in District Court, alleging violations of the 1899 Rivers and Harbors Act. The main natural outflow from the lake is via the Niagara River, which provides hydroelectric power to Canada and the U.S. as it spins huge turbines near Niagara Falls at Lewiston, New York and Queenston, Ontario. There was a tentative exploratory plan to capture CO2, compress it to a liquid form, and pump it a half-mile (800 m) beneath Lake Erie's surface underneath the porous rock structure. "[125] It is possible to fish off piers in winter for a fish called the burbot, also known by pseudonyms such as eelpout, mudblow, lawyer fish, cusk, or freshwater cod which looks "ugly" but tastes great; the burbot make a midwinter spawning run and is reportedly one of "Erie's glacial relics. The globs of oil, the multicolored industrial discharges, the flotsam from shoreline cities, the fecal and bacterial wastes are no longer dumped in the lakes in vast quantities. The average air temperature and Lake Erie water temperature at Buffalo, New York, defines the various lake-effect seasons. The grand jury indicted four corporations for polluting Lake Erie and waterways in northeast Ohio. [78] But the long term weather patterns are subject to controversy. [106], Cleveland's director of public utilities, Ben Stefanski, pursued a massive effort to "scrub the Cuyahoga"; the effort cost $100 million in bonds, according to one estimate. In 1999, Doppler radar weather sensors detected millions of mayflies heading for Presque Isle in blue and green splotches on the radar in clouds measuring ten miles (16 km) long. Rising air cools and water vapor condenses into cloud droplets ... the efficiency of snow production increases when the wind pushes the clouds over land. Lake Erie's environmental health has been an ongoing concern for decades, with issues such as overfishing, pollution, algae blooms, and eutrophication generating headlines.[15][16][17]. Lake Erie is the fourth-largest lake (by surface area) of the five Great Lakes in North America, and the eleventh-largest globally if measured in terms of surface area. According to a news report in August, "scientists fully expect [it] to overwhelm much of western Lake Erie again this summer". Islands tend to be located in the western side of the lake and total 31 in number (13 in Canada, 18 in the U.S.). [27] In particular, Canada was described as having a "sticky set of laws"; the project was abandoned. In a freak incident in 2009, warming temperatures and winds of 35 miles per hour (56 km/h) and currents pushing eastward dislodged a miles-wide ice floe which broke away from the shore, trapping more than 130 fishermen offshore; one man died while the rest were rescued by helicopters or boats.[126]. Generally there is heavy traffic on the lake except during the winter months from January through March when ice prevents vessels from traveling safely. Lake Erie Water Temperature. It is the southernmost, shallowest, and smallest by volume of the Great Lakes and therefore also has the shortest average water residence time.At its deepest point Lake Erie is 210 feet (64 metres) deep. This conflict is complex, dating from the 1960s and earlier, with the result in the United States that, in 2011, commercial fishing was mostly eliminated from Great Lakes states. [114] In 1992, there were accounts of fishermen catching 8, 10 and 12 pounds (3.6, 4.5 and 5.4 kg) walleyes, and that the "runt of a five-man daily limit of 25 walleye might be a nuisance of 5 pounds (2.3 kg). Canadians near Leamington and Kingsville have organized protest groups to thwart attempts to bring wind turbines to the lake; reasons against the turbines include spoiling lake views. [80] Zebra mussels and gobies have been credited with the increased population and size of smallmouth bass in Lake Erie. [20] The shallowest section of Lake Erie is the western basin where depths average only 25 to 30 feet (7.6 to 9.1 m); as a result, "the slightest breeze can kick up lively waves," also known as seiches. Apple orchards are abundant in northeast Ohio to western New York. Along its north shore is one of the richest areas of Canada's fruit and vegetable production; this southernmost tip, particularly in the area around Leamington, is known as Canada's "tomato capital". [26] Along the southeastern shore of Ohio, Pennsylvania, and New York is an important grape growing region, as are the islands in the lake. [129], The drainage basin has led to well fertilized soil. It was deeper than the current Lake Erie, so its shoreline existed about eight miles (13 km) inland from the modern one. By 1975 the popular commercial fish blue pike had been declared extinct, although the declaration may have been premature. [94] A YouTube video mentioned in a newspaper account has a man claiming that the fish could "bite your entire hand off". Some introductions have been seen as beneficial such as the introduction of Pacific salmon. One account suggests that climate change is causing greater evaporation of lake water, leading to warmer temperatures as well as ice in winter which is less thick or nonexistent, fueling concerns that "Erie appears to be shrinking" and is the most likely candidate among the five Great Lakes to "turn into a festering mud puddle. Attempts failed to stock coho salmon and its numbers are once again dwindling. [43] Since slavery had been abolished in Canada in 1833, but was still legal in southern states of the U.S., a Lake Erie crossing was sometimes required for fugitive slaves seeking freedom: When Kentucky fugitive Lewis Clarke arrived in Cleveland, he had no idea how to find Canada. [14] Some outflow occurs via the Welland Canal, part of the St. Lawrence Seaway, which diverts water for ship passages from Port Colborne, Ontario on Lake Erie, to St. Catharines on Lake Ontario, an elevation difference of 326 ft (99 m). The warmest water temperature in Lake Erie in May is 17.6°C/63.7°F, and the coldest water temperature in May is 4.4°C/39.9°F. Major cities along Lake Erie include Buffalo, New York; Erie, Pennsylvania; Cleveland, Ohio, and Toledo, Ohio. [75] The area around Port Rowan in Ontario has special trees which grow because of the "tempering effect of the lake", and species include tulip trees, flowering dogwood, sassafras and sour gum. [92] The snake was helpful in keeping the population of goby fish in check. [41] An important business was fishing. The Erie tribe (from whom the lake takes its name) lived along the southern edge, while the Neutrals (also known as Attawandaron) lived along the northern shore. [34], At the time of European contact, there were several groups of Native American cultures living around the shores of the eastern end of the lake. Considered as the shallowest lakes among the five lakes, big waves and warmer temperature of the waters are observed. "[134] There was speculation that the sunken vessel had been a gambling ship, and therefore there might have been money aboard, but most historians were skeptical. Mr. Mob: The Life and Crimes of Moe Dalitz. [132] Other wrecks include the fish tub Neal H. Dow (1910), the "steamer-cum-barge" Elderado (1880),[132] W. R. Hanna,[38] Dundee which sank north of Cleveland in 1900,[38] F. H. Prince,[38] and The Craftsman. [31] One estimate was that $5 billion was spent to upgrade plants to treat sewage.
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